QuickNotes
Charles's Law: V1/T1= V2/T2
- T refers to temperature measured in Kelvin (K)
- Temperature in Kelvin = C + 273
- V refers to volume measured in Liters (L)
- Just like in Boyle's law, the temperatures and volumes must be given in the same units on both sides of the equation. For example:
(8 L)/(40 K) = (4 L)/(20 K)
- Questions using Charles's law are not affected by pressure. To recognize that you need this formula, notice that various data about temperature and volume will be given followed by a statement or implication that pressure is constant.
- Important Concept: Volume and Temperature are directly proportional. This means that as temperature increases, volume increases, and vice versa.
Examples:
Example 1: Calculate the decrease in temperature when 2.00 L at 20.0 °C is compressed to 1.00 L.
The temperature decreases by 147 K.
1. Convert the temperature into Kelvin:
20+273 = 293 K
2. (2.00 L)/(293 K) = (1.00 L)/(x K), where
x = 146.5 K = 147 K
The temperature decreases by 147 K.
Example 2: 600.0 mL of air is at 20.0 °C. What is the volume at 60.0 °C?
1. Convert all temperatures to Kelvin:
20°C + 273 = 293 K
60°C + 273 = 333 K
2. (600.0)/(293) = (x)/(333), where
x = 681.9 mL = 682 mL
Check out this review video on Charles's Law!
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